Causes and cures for irritable dry eyes

The cooler months can cause all sorts of irritations for the body, and for many, the eyes can become sore, dry and painful in winter.

Unlike conditions such as eczema, which can be treated with creams and ointments, relieving painful eyes isn’t always easy. Some experience a burning or itching feeling, while others notice their eyes becoming red and bloodshot. It’s also common for the eyes to feel dry, gritty or sore throughout the day, while eyelids may even stick together when you wake up. In extreme cases, people may even experience temporarily blurred vision.

There are a number of factors that can dry out eyes. In the cooler months, windy conditions can zap moisture from eyes, while heated conditions indoors can also impact the feeling of the eye. Where possible, it’s always a good idea to try and keep a constant temperature or protect your eyes with glasses if you know you are going to be exposed to particularly harmful conditions.

For over-60s, menopause is another factor that can cause dry eyes. Most women are familiar with symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness and mood swings, it’s also known to cause dry eyes, with as many as 61 per cent of women experiencing dry eyes. Despite the number being so high, just 16 per cent are aware menopause is to blame.

For others, the natural ageing process means the eyes don’t naturally produce as many tears as they once did. This becomes a problem because tears are a natural and important defence for our eyes, washing out dust and other particles. They also sooth the eyes and provide oxygen and nutrients to the cornea which is important in preventing bacteria and stopping eye infections.

In some cases, various types of medication can cause eyes to become dry. These can include, but are not limited to, high blood pressure tablets, heart medication, antidepressants, antihistamines, sleeping tablets and various other pain relievers. Some medication used to treat Parkinson’s disease or gastric ulcers can also irritate eye symptoms further, while hormone therapy and oestrogen therapy can also cause eye problems.

Believe it or not, some foods can also cause eyes to dry out. Most are high in sugar and caffeine so if you are experiencing dry eyes, dry to stay away from fizzy drinks, coffees, teas and even chocolates. These foods will dry out your eyes and take moisture away from your body. Where possible, stay hydrated and drink plenty of water.

In many cases, lubricating your eyes is the best and easiest way of preventing dry eye. Depending on your symptoms, you may be able to purchase eye drops over the counter, while a doctor or GP may prescribe a stronger medication.

Keeping your eyes and the area around the eyes as clean as possible can also help and it’s important to wear protective eyewear if working in dusty, smoky, windy or dry environments.

Using a humidifier around the home is another great way of increasing moisture in the air, while increasing levels of omega-3 from fish including salmon, cod, herring and sardines will ensure you’re getting the fatty acids you need.

Blinking regularly is also important as it spreads fluid across the surface of your eyeballs. When you focus for long periods of time, blinking can reduce because we are so focused. Make a point to blink regularly, especially when watching television, reading, or using a computer. There are also natural ways to treat dry eyes including drinking calendula tea and including turmeric, paprika, mint and castol oil. 

If your symptoms get worse, it’s always important to seek professional medical help.

What do you think? How do you prevent dry eyes? Is it a problem you’ve experienced?